rr Module

Jan Janak

FhG FOKUS

Bogdan-Andrei Iancu

Edited by

Jan Janak

Bogdan-Andrei Iancu


Table of Contents
1. User's Guide
1.1. Overview
1.2. Dialog support
1.3. Dependencies
1.3.1. OpenSER Modules
1.3.2. External Libraries or Applications
1.4. Exported Parameters
1.4.1. enable_full_lr (integer)
1.4.2. append_fromtag (integer)
1.4.3. enable_double_rr (integer)
1.4.4. add_username (integer)
1.5. Exported Functions
1.5.1. loose_route()
1.5.2. strict_route() -- deprecated
1.5.3. record_route()
1.5.4. record_route_preset(string)
1.5.5. add_rr_param(param)
1.5.6. check_route_param(re)
1.5.7. is_direction(dir)
2. Developer's Guide
2.1. Available Functions
2.1.1. add_rr_param( msg, param)
2.1.2. check_route_param( msg, re)
2.1.3. is_direction( msg, dir)
2.1.4. get_route_param( msg, name, val)
2.1.5. register_rrcb( callback, param)
2.1.6. Examples
3. Frequently Asked Questions
List of Examples
1-1. Dialog support in RR module
1-2. Set enable_full_lr parameter
1-3. Set append_fromtag parameter
1-4. Set enable_double_rr parameter
1-5. Set add_username parameter
1-6. loose_route usage
1-7. strict_route usage
1-8. record_route usage
1-9. record_route_preset usage
1-10. add_rr_param usage
1-11. check_route_param usage
1-12. check_route_param usage
2-1. Loading RR module's API from another module

Chapter 1. User's Guide

1.1. Overview

The module contains record routing logic


1.2. Dialog support

OpenSER is basically only a transaction statefull proxy, without any dialog support build in. There are many features/services which actually requires a dialog awareness, like storing the information in the dialog creation stage, information which will be used during the whole dialog existence.

The most urging example is NAT traversal, in dealing with the within the dialog INVITEs (re-INVITEs). When processing the initial INVITE, the proxy detects if the caller or callee is behind some NAT and fixes the signalling and media parts - since not all the detection mechanism are available for within the dialog requests (like usrloc), to be able to fix correspondingly the sequential requests, the proxy must remember that the original request was NAT processed. There are many other cases where dialog awareness fixes or helps.

The solution is to store additional dialog-related information in the routing set (Record-Route/Route headers), headers which show up in all sequential requests. So any information added to rhe Record-Route header will be found (with no direction dependencies) in Route header (corresponding to the proxy address).

As storage container, the parameters of the Rocord-Route / Route header will be used - Record-Route parameters mirroring are re-infonced by RFC 3261 (see 12.1.1 UAS behavior).

For this purpose, the modules offers the following functions:

Example 1-1. Dialog support in RR module

  
UAC                       OpenSER PROXY                          UAS

---- INVITE ------>       record_route()          ----- INVITE ---->
                     add_rr_param(";foo=true")

--- reINVITE ----->        loose_route()          ---- reINVITE --->
                    check_route_param(";foo=true")

<-- reINVITE ------        loose_route()          <--- reINVITE ----
                    check_route_param(";foo=true")

<------ BYE -------        loose_route()          <----- BYE -------
                    check_route_param(";foo=true")
  

1.3. Dependencies

1.3.1. OpenSER Modules

The following modules must be loaded before this module:

  • No dependencies on other OpenSER modules.


1.3.2. External Libraries or Applications

The following libraries or applications must be installed before running OpenSER with this module loaded:

  • None.


1.4. Exported Parameters

1.4.1. enable_full_lr (integer)

If set to 1 then ";lr=on" instead of just ";lr" will be used. This is to overcome problems with broken UAs which strip ";lr" parameter when generating Route header fields from Record-Route (";lr=on" seems to help).

Default value is 0 (no).

Example 1-2. Set enable_full_lr parameter

...
modparam("rr", "enable_full_lr", 1)
...

1.4.2. append_fromtag (integer)

If turned on, request's from-tag is appended to record-route; that's useful for understanding whether subsequent requests (such as BYE) come from caller (route's from-tag==BYE's from-tag) or callee (route's from-tag==BYE's to-tag)

Default value is 1 (yes).

Example 1-3. Set append_fromtag parameter

...
modparam("rr", "append_fromtag", 0)
...

1.4.3. enable_double_rr (integer)

There are some situations when the server needs to insert two Record-Route header fields instead of one. For example when using two disconnected networks or doing cross-protocol forwarding from UDP->TCP. This parameter enables inserting of 2 Record-Routes. The server will later remove both of them.

Default value is 1 (yes).

Example 1-4. Set enable_double_rr parameter

...
modparam("rr", "enable_double_rr", 0)
...

1.4.4. add_username (integer)

If set to a non 0 value (which means yes), the username part will be also added in the Record-Route URI.

Default value is 0 (no).

Example 1-5. Set add_username parameter

...
modparam("rr", "add_username", 1)
...

1.5. Exported Functions

1.5.1. loose_route()

The function performs loose routing as defined in RFC3261. See the RFC3261 for more details.

This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE.

Example 1-6. loose_route usage

...
loose_route();
...

1.5.2. strict_route() -- deprecated

If there are any Route header in the message, the function takes the first one, rewrites Request-URI with it's value and removes the first URI from Route header.

Example 1-7. strict_route usage

...
strict_route();
...

1.5.3. record_route()

The function adds a new Record-Route header field. The header field will be inserted in the message before any other Record-Route header fields.

This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE.

Example 1-8. record_route usage

...
record_route();
...

1.5.4. record_route_preset(string)

This function will put the string into Record-Route, don't use unless you know what you are doing.

Meaning of the parameters is as follows:

  • string - String to be inserted into the header field.

This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE.

Example 1-9. record_route_preset usage

...
record_route_preset("1.2.3.4:5090");
...

1.5.5. add_rr_param(param)

Adds a parameter to the Record-Route URI (param must be in ";name=value" format. The function may be called also before or after the record_route() call (see Section 1.5.3).

Meaning of the parameters is as follows:

  • param - String containing the URI parameter to be added. It must follow the ";name=value" scheme.

This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE.

Example 1-10. add_rr_param usage

...
add_rr_param(";nat=yes");
...

1.5.6. check_route_param(re)

The function checks if the URI parameters of the local Route header (coresponding to the local server) matches the given regular expression. It must be call after loose_route() (see Section 1.5.1).

Meaning of the parameters is as follows:

  • re - regular expression to check against the Route URI parameters.

This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE.

Example 1-11. check_route_param usage

...
if (check_route_param("nat=yes")) {
    setflag(6);
}
...

1.5.7. is_direction(dir)

The function checks the flow direction of the request. As for cheking it's used the "ftag" Route header parameter, the append_fromtag (see Section 1.4.2 module parameter must be enables. Also this must be call only after loose_route() (see Section 1.5.1).

The function returns true if the "dir" is the same with the request's flow direction.

The "downstream" (UAC to UAS) direction is relative to the inital request that created the dialog.

Meaning of the parameters is as follows:

  • dir - string containing the direction to be checked. It may be "upstream" (from UAS to UAC) or "downstream" (UAC to UAS).

This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE.

Example 1-12. check_route_param usage

...
if (is_direction("upstream")) {
    xdbg("upstream request ($rm)\n");
}
...

Chapter 2. Developer's Guide

The RR module provides an internal API to be used by other OpenSER modules. The API offers support for SIP dialog based functionalities - for more about the dialog support offered by RR module, see Section 1.2.

For internal(non-script) usage, the RR module offers to other module the possiblity to register callback functions to be executed each time a local Route heaer is proccesed. The callback function will receive as parameter the register parameter and the Route header parameter string.


2.1. Available Functions

2.1.1. add_rr_param( msg, param)

Adds a parameter to the requests's Record-Route URI (param must be in ";name=value" format).

The function returns 0 on success. Otherwise, -1 is returned.

Meaning of the parameters is as follows:

  • struct sip_msg* msg - request that will has the parameter "param" added to its Record-Route header.

  • str* param - parameter to be added to the Record-Route header - it must be in ";name=value" format.


2.1.2. check_route_param( msg, re)

The function checks for the request "msg" if the URI parameters of the local Route header (coresponding to the local server) matches the given regular expression "re". It must be call after the loose_route was done.

The function returns 0 on success. Otherwise, -1 is returned.

Meaning of the parameters is as follows:

  • struct sip_msg* msg - request that will has the Route header parameters checked.

  • regex_t* param - compiled regular expression to be checked against the Route header parameters.


2.1.3. is_direction( msg, dir)

The function checks the flow direction of the request "msg". As for cheking it's used the "ftag" Route header parameter, the append_fromtag (see Section 1.4.2 module parameter must be enables. Also this must be call only after the loose_route is done.

The function returns 0 if the "dir" is the same with the request's flow direction. Otherwise, -1 is returned.

Meaning of the parameters is as follows:

  • struct sip_msg* msg - request that will have the direction checked.

  • int dir - direction to be checked against. It may be "RR_FLOW_UPSTREAM" or "RR_FLOW_DOWNSTREAM".


2.1.4. get_route_param( msg, name, val)

The function search in to the "msg"'s Route header parameters the parameter called "name" and returns its value into "val". It must be call only after the loose_route is done.

The function returns 0 if parameter was found (even if it has no value). Otherwise, -1 is returned.

Meaning of the parameters is as follows:

  • struct sip_msg* msg - request that will have the Route header parameter searched.

  • str *name - contains the Route header parameter to be serached.

  • str *val - returns the value of the searched Route header parameter if found. It might be empty string if the parameter had no value.


2.1.5. register_rrcb( callback, param)

The function register a new callback (along with its parameter). The callback will be called when a loose route will be performed for the local address.

The function returns 0 on success. Otherwise, -1 is returned.

Meaning of the parameters is as follows:

  • rr_cb_t callback - callback function to be registered.

  • void *param - parameter to be passed to the callback function.


2.1.6. Examples

Example 2-1. Loading RR module's API from another module

...
#include "../rr/api.h"
...
struct rr_binds my_rrb;
...
...
/* load the RR API */
if (load_rr_api( & my_rrb )!=0) {
    LOG(L_ERR, "ERROR: can't load RR API\n");
    goto error;
}
...
...
/* register a RR callback */
if (my_rrb.register_rrcb(my_callback,0))!=0) {
    LOG(L_ERR, "ERROR: can't register RR callback\n");
    goto error;
}
...

Chapter 3. Frequently Asked Questions

3.1. Where can I find more about OpenSER?
3.2. Where can I post a question about this module?
3.3. How can I report a bug?

3.1. Where can I find more about OpenSER?

Take a look at http://openser.org/.

3.2. Where can I post a question about this module?

First at all check if your question was already answered on one of our mailing lists:

E-mails regarding any stable OpenSER release should be sent to and e-mails regarding development versions should be sent to .

If you want to keep the mail private, send it to .

3.3. How can I report a bug?

Please follow the guidelines provided at: http://openser.org/bugs.